THE WORST DEFENSE MINISTER EVER " - INDIA TODAY
THE WORST DEFENSE MINISTER EVER " - INDIA TODAY
The worst defense minister ever
Sandeep Unnithan
March 7, 2014
[The worst defense minister ever: AK Antony's tenure, the longest for
a defence minister, has seen scams, crises, unpreparedness]
Two years ago, an outraged vice-admiral strode into Defense Minister
A.K. Antony's wood-panelled office on the first floor of South Block.
He wanted to know why Antony had signed on a policy that would exclude
submariners and aviators from holding the top job in the Navy. It would
make submariners and aviators second-class citizens and destroy recruitment,
he warned.
Antony, the vice-admiral recalls, held his head in his hands and sank into
his chair. He later struck the policy down.
But he had exposed his embarrassing cluelessness at what he had almost allowed.
As the UPA slips into the twilight of a decade-long tenure, its lead actors examine
legacies and worry how historians will judge them.
None, with the possible exception of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh,
will leave a legacy as bitterly questioned as Defense Minister A.K. Antony.
Discontent at the top
Under Antony's seven-and-a-half-year tenure, the longest for an Indian
defense minister, the Ministry of Defense (MoD) has lurched from one crisis
to another.
The most visible have been the controversies over the service chiefs.
General V.K. Singh, who took the Government to the Supreme Court in 2012;
former air chief Marshal S.P. Tyagi, who was charge sheeted by CBI in 2013
for accepting bribes; and Navy chief Admiral D.K. Joshi, who quit in ignominy
after a spate of warship accidents, beginning with the August 14, 2013 destruction
of a submarine as well as deaths of 18 of its crew, and the February 26 fire on board
another submarine that killed two officers.
"This is a record of infamy which the UPA and the defense minister will carry
as a burden for as long as their sensibilities are able to recognize what great
wrong they have done to India," says former BJP defense minister Jaswant Singh.
His party renewed calls for Antony's resignation after the Navy chief quit
on February 26.
The February 17 decision to award nearly 2.5 million retired servicemen
'one rank, one pension'-for which Antony claimed credit-has come after
seven years of such bitter rancor, with veterans handing in their medals,
that it is unlikely to
benefit UPA in the forthcoming General Elections.
"Antony is an honest but soft and indecisive minister, exceedingly
misguided by lower-level functionaries of the Department of Ex-Servicemen
Welfare (DESW).His tenure also saw the filing of appeals by the Ministry of
Defense in the Supreme Court against grant of benefits to disabled soldiers,
all approved by him on file," says Major
Navdeep Singh, advocate, Punjab and Haryana High Court.
The divide between the 1.4 million men in uniform and the civilians who run
the defense ministry has never been greater. Antony outmaneuvered those who
advocated defense reforms to promote synergy in civil-military functioning by setting
up the Naresh Chandra Committee in 2011.
"He reiterated the old line of permanent chairman, chiefs of staff, requiring
political consensus but has not convened even one all-party meeting in seven
years to push for it," says Anit Mukherjee, a military analyst with the Nanyang
Technological University, Singapore.
Slowdown in decision-making
In his memoirs Duty, former US defense secretary Robert Gates notes the
greatest challenge faced by a secretary of defense is the crushing impact of
"dealing with multiple problems daily, pivoting on a dime every few minutes
from one issue to another and then making decisions, always with too little
time and too much ambiguous information".
Under Antony, decision-making in the ministry has slowed to a crawl.
It has had catastrophic consequences for defense preparedness, with India's
military machine-still equipped with tanks, fighter jets and warships acquired
mostly in the 1980s-in limbo.
Howitzers have not been bought since 1987, new submarines have been
delayed by over five years and fighter jet proposals are pending since 1999.
The $100-billion list of pending military requirements may take over a decade
to be met.
This is why Rear Admiral (retired) K. Raja Menon calls Antony the
"worst defense minister ever".
Crucial reforms such as the appointment of a chief of defense staff
(now watered down to a permanent chairman chiefs of staff committee)
to enable the services to pool resources and fight jointly as well as proposals
to give the private sector a level-playing field with the public sector in
defense production, have been shelved.
"Nobody has anything bad to say about Antony the person," says Rajya Sabha
MP Rajeev Chandrasekhar,"but he simply lacks the connect at the policy and
the strategic level".
Antony's lack of vision, his inability to see over the horizon, to demand
accountability and insist on deadlines stands in sharp contrast to that of
his predecessors.
George Fernandes, during his tenure in NDA between 1998 and 2004, and
Pranab Mukherjee from 2004 to 2006, ran the ministry on a tight leash and
delicately balanced civil-military relations. Fernandes posted his bureaucrats
to Siachen. An official recalls how a bureaucrat collapsed after a verbal
barrage from Mukherjee. Antony's reliance on the bureaucracy has rankled
the military. A crucial file for dredging the sensitive Mumbai harbor was
held up for four years. It resulted in the grounding of one submarine,
INS Sindhughosh, in January this year. Nobody was punished for the delay.
Defence officials deny this charge and credit Antony with undertaking the
largest-ever expansion of the armed forces-adding 28 ships in seven years,
inducting two nuclear submarines, okaying a Rs.65,000-crore Mountain Strike
Corps comprising 40,000 soldiers along the disputed border with China; inducting
C-17 strategic airlift aircraft and basic trainers for the air force. Officials blame
the forces for procurement delays. "Army was given two chances in seven
years to buy 197 light helicopters, they deviated from procedures both times.
We simply cannot clear it," an MoD official says.
The scam stain
Less than a week after the scandal caused by the navy chief's resignation,
a new scam hit South Block. On March 2, the defense ministry announced it was
handing over complaints of bribery in the procurement of Rolls-Royce engines by
the public sector Hindustan Aeronautics Limited, to the CBI.
The armed forces braced for the impact of another scandal on its military
preparedness: Rolls-Royce engines power over 100 fighter, transport and
trainer aircraft in the Army and Navy.
The blow of defense scandals has often landed on the ruling government.
Antony's real mandate was to prevent these scandals from doing a Bofors on UPA.
His defenders like to say that"behind his unassuming demeanor is an uncompromising
value system which comes down heavily when irregularities are detected in
defense deals".
But Antony's zero tolerance for corruption has not prevented a string
of corrupt defense deals. In January, the ministry terminated a
$556.26-million deal for 12 VVIP helicopters from AgustaWestland.
The scandal followed allegations of bribery in the purchases of Tatra
trucks and irregularities in the purchases of light utility helicopters.
Hollow indigenous capability
Antony's socialist leanings, his refusal to reform the defense Public
Sector Undertakings (PSUS) and suspicion of the private sector, may be
the root cause of the failure of indigenous defense capability to meet
India's requirements.
India's gigantic but creaky military-industrial complex, a network of
39 ordnance factories, three defence shipyards, eight defence PSUs and
52 DRDO laboratories has been unable to produce new hardware, leaving
the services importing 60 per cent of their military needs from abroad.
"When Antony took over, India was the sixth largest importer of arms
and China was the largest arms importer," says a private sector CEO
who does not want to be named. "In less than a decade, India has become
the world's largest arms importer and China has become the world's fifth
largest arms exporter."
Deeply aware of his shortcomings, Antony recently indicated he would
not like to continue as defense minister after the UPA's term ends.
It may have been the closest he may have come to admitting that, perhaps,
he may not have been the right man for the job.
Follow the writer on Twitter @Sandeep Unnithan
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